History of Kalistan

Historically, modern Kalistan has existed as two entities, that of Ananto and that of Mainland Kalistan, known simply as Kalistan. For historical purposes, most references to "Kalistan Proper" will refer to the Kalistani territories of northeastern Seleya, while refences to "Ananto" will often refer to the island's empire, which included Kalistan Proper for most of its existence, while simply "Kalistan" refers to the united territories of Ananto and Kalistan Proper.

This distinction is important, because historically, the people of Ananto and Kalistan Proper were from two separate cultural groups. Ananto has always attempted to dominate Kalistan Proper, while Kalistan Proper has been more or less politically and culturally integrated into the Anantan Empire for most of its recorded history as a controlled area.

Overview

To be brief, Kalistan was colonized by the Varigosians in the first millennia, ruled by the Empire of Ananto in the second, and a federal republic in third.

Antiquity (ca 1000 BCE - 1010 CE)

Tribal Kalistan and Ananto, and first unified Anantan State (1000 BCE-422 BCE)

Little is known about mainland Kalistan's history prior to the foundation of the Vrassan Empire and the arrival of Varigosian Kingdom. Archeological evidence suggests that the native people of Kalistan Proper were Jelbo-Tukaric people, arrived in a number of waves, originating in Artania via Likatonia and Lodamun prior to 1000BCE. As each successive wave arrived, the previous inhabitants were pushed further to the south, into the Vrassan and Neveran Plateaus, the coastal plains of modern Odufaray and into the marshlands of the Yoshimi Delta. Another group of seafaring people, associated with Kemokian traders and settlers arrived in Ananto from Vintalli around 600 BCE, missing Kalistan Proper entirely, and established a local nautical civilization with strong proto-Aldegarian influences.

While trading between the coastal Kalii tribes and the Anantans had occurred for hundreds of years, no early effort was made by Ananto to dominate the Mainland. The Anantans did, however, make a census of the tribes who "inhabited the lands between the High Mountains and the Shores, between the Kali Rivers of the North and South (today's Jah and Yoshimi Rivers respectively)." The survey indicated 13 tribes of what they called the "Kalii", hence the origin of the name, "Kalistan" (from Aldegarian roots meaning "Land (or home) of the Kalii"). The tribes inhabiting Kalistan themselves had no name for the territory.

It is assumed they grouped these thirteen tribes as one overall race because of racial and linguistic similarity, all being descendants of the original Jelbo-Tukaric tribes that moved into the region, which is backed up by modern evidence. It seems that the oldest inhabitants of the region were the Proto-Kalii, who first appeared before 1000 BCE via passes in Neveras, and filtered into all of Kalistan Proper soon after arrival. Their control over the whole region was eventually reduced to the most mountainous territories of Neveras. This follows logically from evidence that the Montii, Mvii, and Tisvii languages, the indigenous languages of Neveras are very similar and more ancient than their neighbors.

The second group seems to have appeared around 800 BCE, and travelled over the Vrassan mountains to populate the coastal plains of Kalistan from Suldanor to modern Day Gendaris, and who are known as Odufar. This group was then followed by the third, or Lodamese, group, arriving around 500 BCE, who took the name Vrassan from the region they inhabited. Tribal affiliation was then based along geographic region of settlement, as most settlement occurred in mountain valleys and communication and commerce occured mainly along Kalistan's extensive river network. The exceptions seem to the be Iamaecii, who have the most Lodamese language, and the Borcii, Fvncii, and Clvptii, who don't show signs of assimilation with the Lodamese migrants.

The 13 tribes of Kalii and their kingdoms

In any case, the Anantan histories give thirteen tribes existing as kingdoms in Kalistan c. 230 BCE: Iamaecii (Jahmaikans), Fvncii (Funkistanis), Montii (Monteans), Vorassii (Vrassans), Cisterior Neverii (Narcomanians, Lower Neverans), Ulterior Neverii (Upper Neverans), (in Odufaray and Vrassa), Mvii (Granistanis, Bongistanis), Tisvii (Tzuh Kalistanis), Ierrii (Jerris), Borcii (Borkistanis), Clvptii (Kluptoons), Vlcivrrii (Ulshuristanis), Athosii (Athosians).

Tribal Affiliation was much weaker in Ananto, which was politically unified under the proto-Aldegarian or Kemokian King (or "Khan") Ananta in 466 BCE. By the 5th Century BCE, the Kemokian tribes of Ananto of Vintalli origin consisted of Daii, Evarii, and Cvblii (Kubla) as the chief Anantan tribes, on the southeast, north and southwest coasts, respectively. The Cvblii was the most important of the tribes at the time, having access to the primary port at Luxon.

The first Khan, Ananta, rose from the Cvblii tribe, constructed a grand city at Xanadu in the Alph (now Luxon) valley and from his base, proceeded to unite the tribes of Ananto into a single Kingdom. Upon unification, Ananta renamed the Island Ananto (essentially "Ananta's Land"), and declared that "All the Waters that wash Ananto shall be the Anantan Sea". Both the Island and the Ocean still bear this legacy today. The United Kingdom however, fell to infighting and disarray a few generations after Ananta's death in 422 BCE.

The Vrassan Empire (210 BCE- 405 CE)

While the Kalii tribes of the Mainland were nominally independent for most of the 3rd Century BCE, the mid 200s saw the rise of a powerful and unified Vrassan Empire, which aimed to unify Kalii tribes north of the Kluptoon River. The Varigosian Empire (302 BCE-97 BCE) attempted to establish colonies on the coast, but was repulsed by the Vrassans repeatedly. This repeated attempt to colonize Kalistan Proper led to a deepseated resentment of foreign involvement in Kalistan which lasts on a culturally genetic level to this day. The efforts to resist colonization suggested to Vrassan Elites the need to unify and organize tribes for defense against invasion.

Records show that the Vrassa (who were located in ancient Vorassistan, or Vrassistan) had first been unified around 250 BCE, and began to expand influence to nearby Lower Nevaras shortly after. By 210 BCE, Vrassa consisted of Northern Kalistan, and included the aligned Tribes of Vrassans, Nevarans, Montans, Funks, and Jahmaikans, constituting much of the dodern districts of Vrassa and Neveras. They soon added Borkistan, Jeristan, Muistan, and Kluptistan to the Empire, consolidating under a single crown all the lands of Modern Kalistan north of the Kluptoon River. Taking advantage of local infighting among successor claimants to the Anantan Khanate, Vrassa extended its empire to Ananto and established control over both the Kubla and Evarii Tribes, leaving Dah as a tributary population, obliterating much of the Kemokian cultural influence, and subjugating the Island to heavy taxation that reduced the influence of the capital of Xanadu and the Port of Luxon, while establishing the city of Eveari as the seat of the Viceroy.

Vrassa and Ananto in the 2nd Century AD

The Vrassan Empire reached its height around 100 BCE under Emperor Ulrich the Great, after which a series of internal conflicts and external pressure led to the slow collapse of the Empire. The first to break free was Ananto, which became host to a number of Varigosian exiles who were fleeing the rise of the Phraatids in Aldegar and Vintalli. Many of the Varigosians brought along their retinues, who proptly set up an exile Varigosian Kingdom in based in Luxon. The first of these Kings named himself Anantan, after the legendary founder of the first Anantan Dynasty which would go on to control the Anantan Empire.

Much of the far northern territories passed into the hands of the Lodan Empire following a series of unsuccessful wars over the control of the Mouth of the Jah River in the second decade of the 1st century CE. Southern Territories fell out of Vrassa's influence and into the hands of rising Athosian powers by 100 CE.

Ananto attempted to colonize the Mouth of the Vrassa in 135 CE, in order to get a foothold on the Continent, but after a series of very bitter battles, Ananto was repulsed. But the Empire would remain a player in Vrassan Politics for the next three hundred years. Beginning in the Second Century CE, the Title of Emperor of Vrassa was fought over by various contenders, leading to a series of on and off again civil wars that fundamentally crushed unified power on the mainland and made Kalistan Proper ripe for the picking.

The Vrassan Crown was destroyed in 405 CE, when the Anantans sacked Razar, Vrassa's Capital, and melted the crown into a medallion which was worn by Anantan Emperors into the Middle Ages. The destruction of Razar was accomplished by Anantan Emperor Diogenes I, who leveled the Vrassan Capital and declared himself "Emperor of Kalistan". He began referring to himself as "Floob" (though the term Floob is in fact Lower Neveran in origin for "Hegemon"), and opened the coast for colonization. From the Sack of Razar onward, the Anantan Emperor was known as "Floob of Ananto."

Most of Mainland Kalistan remained in chaos for the next 13 years before being drowned in the tidal wave of the Mu-Tze Khanate that arrived in 420 CE.

The Anantan Empire (94 BCE-1100 CE)

One of the Major developments in Northern Seleya was the rise of the First Anantan Empire.

From the start, the Anantan Empire was a maritime force, who focused on the establishment of economic control over the Southern Anantonese Ocean. Its founding dynasty, the exiles from the Varigosian Empire, brough land claims with them in Vintalli that Ananto vigorously pursued, so that by the arrival of the Mu-Tze, Ananto controlled the islands of Vintalli, Marligantos and Althosia, or the Seleyan Coast up to modern day Eshar, Odufaray. Political control was exercised by commercial families who were tied directly to the Crown in Luxon, and Ananto became an early banking center, as well as a center for art and architecture in the region.

The Anantan Empire began exerting influence in Southern Kalistan by 405, as a puppet state of Suldanor was carved out of the rising Baltu-Athosian territory. Ancient Sulari was founded and maintained as an outpost of Anantan commerce on the mainland until it was destroyed in 420 CE. To create a buffer state against northern Seleyan powers, including the ascendant Mu-Tze Khanate The Anantan Empire kept the Vrassan Empire weak and divided, and would support one group or another in various interneceine wars, as it suited the interests of the Khan in Luxon. Additionally, warlords were patronized by different families in Ananto, and were used to promote commercial interests in Northern Seleyan and Vintalli.

Ananto's position in Mainland Kalistan changed drastically as the Mu-Tze Khanate swept over North and Central Seleya, obliterating the Aldegarian states, and subjugating the Kalistani Mainland to direct control. While Mu-Tze maintained political control over the petty Kalistani Lords, Ananto escaped the same fate by paying annual tribute to the Khan, and logistically being difficult to conquer in the first place. Ananto was allowed autonomy during the first two centuries of My-Tze rule, and the Khan allowed the Anantans to maintain a relatively free hand at sea, treating Ananto as if it were a functional naval unit of the Mu-Tze empire. In addition, Ananto and the Vintali Islands became havens for waves of refugees who swept east in an attempt to escape from My-Tze subjugation. Ananto's already famous reputation as home of refugees was butressed by its welcoming attitude toward populations from across Seleya who sought to escape the invading hordes.

1st Anantan Empire at its Height, ca. 900 CE

Ananto, for its part, insists that it never swore political loyalty to the Khan, but paid what amounted to an annual bribe. This annual bribe, known as "The Protection", was seen in Ananto as a cost of doing business. Not needing to worry about mainland territories or competitors in Northern Seleya, Ananto expanded its holdings to the remainder of Marligantos and began colonizing Dovani and Keris. Ananto acted as an agent of local commercial traders, and spent not an unconsiderable amount of resources fighting Piracy in the Ananto Strait. Kalistan then became wealthy off of its agency fees, and learned how to conduct lending at interest through the development of letters of Credit issued by Luxon banks.

In addition to Luxon, which served as the Metopolis of the nautical trade empire, Colonia Vintallia (Vintalligrad) was established as a viceroyal seat (becoming a Capitol City following independence), while Opis and Rana became colonial metropoli. The relative isolation from the chaos on the Continent in Ananto, Vintalli and Marligantos led to a classical Golden Age lasting from roughly 750 CE to about 870 CE, during which the islands began developing local dialects, cultures and customs.

Wars with Vintalli and The Dark Ages (922-1315 CE)

Vintalli eventually achieved a degree of political independence from Ananto starting in about 900. Local families began complaining that Ananto was not observing ancient Varigosian traditions at all anymore, and several attempts to wrest control of Vintali, Marlingatos and Althosia from Ananto were made, including a spectacular series of naval wars between Ananto and Vintalli families, both of whom nominally owed their allegiance to the Anantan Floob, between 922 and 971. Much of this had to do with Ananto's efforts to establish colonies in Althosia following the decline of the Mu-Tze. The end result of the wars, brokered by the Floob himself, resulted in Anantan territorial acquisition of coastal lands north of the Kluptoon River, with Vintalli colonization allowed below the Kluptoon.

Anantan colonial cities Eshar and Fee (near Modern Gendaris) prospered from trade with the inland tribes, while Vintalli merchants, who were busy founding cities in Balthia (Althosia) built the city of Yoshimi and rebuilt the city of Sulari to serve as entrepots for their new Suldanor holdings. Both Anantan and Vintalli holdings grew prosperous and expanded Anantan culture to the mainland.

Vintalli culture soon came under the sway of Estalian merchants and settlers, who arrived in the area from the west via the Seleyan Mainland, and who established a more or less permanent base of culture which eventually entirely replaced Anantan culture in the area of modern Gaduridos. In addition, the Estalians brough their language and script and New Vintallian quickly became the language of trade and commerce for Vintallian elites and population, replacing the "Old Vintallian" which was related to Ananti. The New Vintallian eventually filtered its way north and was the language of Athosia and Suldanor, prior to its re-incorporation into the Anantan Empire in the 14th Century.

Beneath the prosperity, however, the Government of Ananto became increasingly corrupt and unstable. A currency crisis in 1010 and the revelation of massive corruption that undermined the Noble families' confidence in the Anantan Floob, and growing tension finally resulted in Ananto collapsing into anarchy and Vintalli breaking away politically from the Empire. Though Ananto would eventually reconquer Vintalli, the cultural bond was permanently severed.

Meanwhile, Anantan nobles began jostling for power on Ananto, leading to civil war. After decades of war, Eveari and Luxon emerged as successor empires on Ananto (leaders of both houses would claim the title of Floob), while Colonia Anantonia (where modern Kaliburg stands) was leveled. On the mainland, a number of city states were established, most notably Fee, who mainly fought among themselves and against the natives. Vintalli fell into the same fractured state until it was reconquered by Ananto centuries later.

Eveari and Luxon would fight over the Island of Ananto for centuries, until they were unified by Jorge I (of Eveari) in 1315. This period of a divided Ananto was very much of a dark age for the island, technology and culture not making any gains for nearly four hundred years.

Kalistan in The Middle Ages (1010 - 1685 CE)

Ananto's Conversion to Hosianism (1087 CE)

In the decades prior to the date of official conversion, Hosian missionaries had been arriving from Vintalli, preaching the Gospel of Eliyahu and building churches. Most early converts to the Hosian Faith were in Luxon, and the former capitol became a center of Hosian Faith during the early middle Ages in Ananto. The Luxon Emperor Terrance IV converted to Hosianism in 1038 and issued an order that required all people of Ananto, including those living under Eveari dominion, to convert. Conversion rate in the first decade was, fairly low, with most conversions centering on Luxon and Dahriel. A war fought between Luxon and Eveari which ended in 1087 permitted the Eveari Emperor Francis the XIV to remain on the throne with the condition that he convert Eveari to Hosianism. Francis accepted, and both Eveari and Luxon officially began welcoming the Aurorian Patriarchal Church to Ananto.

After conversion, Ananto often spread its religion with its political system, and converted Kalistan Proper by the mid 1300s.

Odoronan Kalistan (1033-1330 CE)

With the collapse of the First Empire of Ananto in 1010, her colonies along the Kalistani coast found themselves essentially independent. The various trading cities quickly reorganized into city states and set about conquering more of the interior, not to mention each other. The most successful of these was Fee, under the control of the Odorono dynasty, which by 1033 had conquered all the small independent former colonial outposts along the coastline between Eshar and Kluptoon (modern Odufaray). One notable exception to this was the Odoronan conquest of the Borcii, who fought for nearly a century against the Odoronans, and many of whom eventually fled the mainland and operated as pirates against Odorono rather than submit. This expansion stalled until 1060, when king Rufus the Terrible began a rapid expansion northward, conquering the remaining Bathyan city states, and in 1067 leading a campaign into the Neveras plateau to conquer the High Neverii and Vrassans. His capture of Razar in 1067, while not actually all that significant, allowed him to claim the title of Floob (Emperor) of Kalistan, and proclaim that the Odoronan Empire was the new empire of Kalistan.

Following Rufus' death in 1071, the empire continued expanding, with a series of wars that culminated in Odorono controlling all the Vintalli colonies down to the Kali River of the South by 1110. This was topped within a decade when the Tze and Ulshuri tribes were brought under Odoronan lordship, which marked the height of the Odoronan Empire, with it controlling all of Athosia, Odufaray, Suldanor, and half of Vrassa and Neveras.

Shortly after its Zenith, the power of Fee began to fade with equal speed. Dragged down by ruthless and oftentimes seriously mentally ill emperors, rampant corruption, an unpopular policy of only treating Anantonese (as Anantan colonists came to be known during this period) as full citizens and imposing Odoronan culture on their subjects made their rule increasingly unpopular, leading to almost constant revolts. To counter this, and fight an almost continuous war against Gorpistani pirates, even more ruthless tactics were used along with high taxes and conscription. While the empire managed to maintain its borders until 1327, it was a weak shell, which fell after only one battle to Anantan Floob Jorge I. Following its defeat the Empire was kept intact (as the Ananto-controlled Empire of Kalistan) and Anantan reforms introduced that made it a real empire again.

While Odorono was a powerful Kalistani empire in the mold of the earlier Vrassan State, it was not a golden age in any sense for most of Kalistan, despite controlling almost all of it. The Odoronan economy was never very strong, being virtually blockaded by pirates and too heavily burdened with taxes and war. Most Odoronan emperors were also too busy with war to devote themselves to culture, save to building religious temples to the local tribal Overgod (who was recast as the evil counterpart to Ananto's Hosian God following Ananto's Conversion to Hosianism in the late 1000s). The only part of Kalistan to prosper during the Odorono period was Fee itself, which was then levelled by Ananto in 1423. In fact, the cruel rule of the Odorono was so hated that modern Odufaray, which had come to be called Odorono because it was the well-treated core of the empire, changed its name to Odufaray or land of the Odufar People after Ordono fell.

The Restored Anantan Empire and the First Ananto Dynasty (1315-1438 CE)

North Seleya in 1353, after Jorge's conquests and the Treaty of Quintara.

In 1306, Emperor Jorge I, a young military prodigy, came to the throne of Eveari in Ananto. At this time, following centuries of relatively non-stop war, both on land and at sea, the island was evenly split between the rival "Empires" (petty Kingdoms' in reality) of Luxon and Eveari. Upon his rise to power, Jorge immediately began his effort to reunify the Island. This goal had been the dream of countless petty nobles over the years, from both Eveari and Luxon, though none had seemed to find a winning formula to weld the island together.

Through excellent tactics and strategic assassination, Jorge subdued Luxon in 1315, and quickly began establishing institutions to keep the island united: Luxon was rebuilt, but its port facilities were demolished, ensuring that trade would divert to the northern half of the Island, and the capital moved from Eveari to the centrally-located port of Davon on Ananto's West Coast, which had been built on the ashes of the ancient Anantonia and had thrived as a free port through the dark ages. Administratively, he arranged the Island into counties, assigning control to loyal nobles from both houses to govern them, giving them a stake in the system, and established the blabaroon, the council of nobles responsible for electing the monarch and raising troops.

He then almost immediately embarked on an invasion of the Odorono Empire which was in decline and was riven with internal strife, to provide a sense of unity in a national cause. Jorge subdued Odorono in 1327, declaring himself Floob of Kalistan. He then took the last name "Ananto", founding the House Ananto, and establishing a dynasty that would rule into the 17th Century. By the time of his death, The Empire extended from the Yoshimi River to the Vrassa River, and included Eshar, Sulari and much of the Central Valley in modern Neveras. The modern County System was extended to Kalistan Proper, and with this, feudalism arrived in Kalistan.

Jorge I Ananto "The Magnificent", Founder of the 1st Ananto Dynasty

After Jorge's death, the succession was secured by Jorge's second son Peter after the heir apparent, Jorge II was judged to be mentally incompetent following an accident where he was trampled by a horse. But during Peter's reign, Ananto failed to expand its boundaries, being largely occupied with defending Athosia from Baltusia. Increasingly ineffectual emperors relied more and more on counts to deal with the making of laws and war, the result being that when the young emperor John died at age 9 without issue, his regent, the popular Count Evearia Jerome Cacarito, was declared emperor in deference to his cousin, ending, for the time, the Ananto Dynasty.

Floobs (Emperors) of the First Ananto Dynasty (1306-1400)

Name	Reign	Notes
Jorge I [the Magnificent]	1306-1350	United Ananto, conquered Odorono
Peter I [the Ruthless]	1350-1374	Older brother of Jorge II, Selected over older brother Jorge II, who was mentally incompetent.
Peter II	1374-1387
George III	1387-1392
Borrone	1392-1394	Brother of Jorge III, regent of Juan, died from aspiration of food.
John	1394-1400	Crowned at age 3, Count Evaria Cacarito served as regent.

The Cacarito Dynasty had a very strong beginning, with Emperor Jerome I expanding the borders of the empire to the East Wall (now, the Neveras) Mountains, adding all of modern Neveras to the Empire, and Funkistan Hills in the North. The new dynasty secured itself by giving its supporters, the counts of Ananto, increased power over affairs.

But after the initially successful advances north, emperor Javier I entered into a war against the fierce Jahmaikan kingdom, which extended into the reign of Dennis II, who died in battle in the north, and then into that of Javier II. The increasingly empowered nobles found themselves completely drained by the constant warfare and saw their power in check, and so backed Count Algar Philip Prasanavi, the only really successful general they had seen in years, in a rebellion against the emperor. Javier II was overthrown, and Philip I made emperor. However he had not been able to achieve his position without compromise: the noblemen were careful enough to insist that Prasanavi accept great limitations, and a co-emperor; and Philip needed the noblemen to achieve his ends. The resulting system became known at the time as the Anantonese Republic.

Floobs (Emperors) of the Cacarito Dynasty (1400-38 CE)

Name	Reign	Notes
Jerome I [the Great]	1400-1421	Conquered Vrassa and West Neveras
Javier I	1421-1431
Dennis II	1431-1435	Killed fighting Jahmaikans
Javier II	1435-1438	Killed by Philip I during Revolution

The 1st Anantonese Republic (1438-1651 CE)

The Anantonese Republic was so named because of the dramatic increase in the blabaroon's powers. There were still monarchs who served for life, but there were now two, who could counter against each other. Furthermore, the nobles were given a great deal more say in legislative affairs; though they were still far from having cabinets and prime ministers.

The "First Anantonese Republic" is distinctly different from the Second (1907-1924), since the legislature was made up of on an oligarchy of hereditary land-owners, and is thus usually just considered another dynasty (hence the title that appears for the Second Anantonese Republic, "First Republican Period"). The century long republic was, in fact, no more successful at expanding the empire than the Cacarito's had been: wars fought both against Jahmaika and Baltusia failed to result in any new territory.

Painting depicting Davon and environs during the First Republic, ca 1500 CE

The republic is most notable for the shift of power from the emperor to the counts, and of the return of the House Ananto. In 1400 the leading line of the royal house had been integrated into the Cacaritos, but a cadet line, the House of Luxise Ananto, had since that time built up, through marriages and inheritances, a super-county stretching from Luxon to Port Davon, called the County Ananto (and since divided into as many as twenty counties). The Anantos took political advantage of this, and after Philip I's first co-emperor, Jesus I, died, Osos I joined him as co-emperor. Throughout this period the massive influence of the County Ananto (which had fourteen votes at the time of David I's election) and the family's formerly royal status would only increase, leading them to dominate the empire during this period.

In 1527 the empire finally succeeded in conquering Jahmaika and its ally Loda after a war lasting from 1525 to 1536. The war was so successful that after David I's partner Matthew II died, the co-emperorship was abolished. The House of Cregon, in deference for their part in subduing both Jahmaika and Loda, was given that which was conquered over the East Wall Mountains from the coast as an independent kingdom (in other words, Loda) as a north march. The Kingdom of Cregon, from 1542 on, would remain closely allied with Ananto, and play a crucial role in its expansion in both Lodamun and Baltusia. It would itself expand from being a relatively small area to cover a considerable part of the Baltusian Plateau.

Co-Emperors of the First Anantonese Republic (1438-1542)

Name	Reign	Name	Reign
Philip I [Prasanavi]	1438-1464	Jesus I [Zappa]	1438-1453
Osos I [Ananto] (Co-Emperor until 1464, then Floob after)	1453-1478	Jorge IV [Prasanavi]	1464-1475
		Philip II [Ananto] (Co-Emperor from 1475-1478, Floob after 1478 CE)	1475-1514
Matthew I [Cregon]	1514-1529	Jorge V [Prasanavi]	1514-1521
David I [Ananto]	1529-1549	Matthew II [Cregon]	1521-1542

The 2nd Ananto Dynasty (1542-1651 CE)

Emperor David I succeeded in gaining sole control of the empire, and in restoring the House Ananto, in 1542, and went on to reign until 1549. The blabaroon obliged and elected his son to succeed him, but still retained most of the power it had gained during the republic. Emperor Osos II found the blabaroon so annoying that he divided it into two distinct houses, the upper (Ote Blabaroon) being held by counts, and the new lower (Boss Blabaroon) being held by elected officials of each county. This had little effect, and so was allowed to stay.

More importantly, in 1582, Osos defeated and annexed the Kingdom of Andaala in Lodamun, and freed the peasants of Ananto. The chief event of the reign of Daniel II was that he appointed members of the Boss Blabaroon to head the empire's various ministries. One such chancellor, Edward Brown, began to take on more and more executive duties as the emperor became more detached. Daniel's successor, Empress Ana (the first female monarch), came to the throne an infant, allowing the chancellors to build even more power.

During this time Ananto conquered the inland parts of modern Salnaeta and Pernessia, and in 1748 First Lord Chancellor Jesus Gomez launched an invasion of the coastal colonies of Vintalli city states. A year later Vintalli as a whole was at war with Ananto, which sparked a revolt in Suldanor. Baltusia promptly invaded Athosia, as Andalay and Norstavan revolted and joined Golavia and Rapula to form the Second Lodamese Confederation (the first having been a failed revolt). Amidst all this, Jesus overthrew child emperor David III, and had himself crowned.

Floobs (Emperors) of the Second Ananto Dynasty (1542-1651)

Name	Reign	Notes
David I	1529-1549	Started out as Co-Emperor, reestablished Ananto dynasty after Matthew II's death. Conquered Jahmaika.
Pedro III	1549-1556
James	1556-1567
David II	1567-1578
Osos II	1578-1590	Conquered Andalay.
Daniel I	1590-1597
Daniel II	1597-1602
Ana	1602-1651	Conquered Gaduria.
David III	1651	Forced to abdicate by Jesus Gomez.

Schismatic Era (1651-85 CE)

Northeast Seleya in 1665, after the end of the Twenty Years War

The Twenty Years War was set off in 1645 by First Lord Chancellor Jesus Gomez' invasion of the Vintalli states along the Gadurido coast, including conquest of the Islands of Vintalli and Marligantos, and incorporation of the Gaduri cities along the shore. Vintalli was conquered quickly, because of the inability of the island to really unify. Baltusia, already crumbling, was subjected to a massive campaign of Jesus personally, sacking the capital city of Maximus Mater. While these were easily conquered in under a year, doing so led the city-states of Vintalli to begin to form the Grand Alliance, setting the entire island, sans the city of Georgia, against Ananto, and bogging Ananto down in a loong standing war of occupation. Ananto and Vintalli would struggle over the Gaduri territory for generations before Ananto was finally removed from the region entirely in the late 18th Century.

In 1651, Jesus overthrew the Ananto emperor, young David III Ananto, and had himself proclaimed Emperor. Moreover, he undid many of the parliamentary reforms or previous reigns, and strengthened himself into a near autocrat.

The people of Suldanor, descended from Vintalli colonists and who maintained a cultural connection to Vintalli, quickly rebelled against Ananto and joined Vintalli's side in the conflict. The rebels were led by George Reynolds. Baltusia, which had been trying more or less continuously to regain control of Athosia for centuries, joined in as well. To complicate matters, Jesus' invasion of Gaduria coincided with the formation of the Second Lodamese Confederation, involving a revolt in Andalay and Norstavan.

While Jesus was able to extend Anantonese Influence to Southern Dolgava in Keris during this period, he needed to rush forces home to deal with this rebellion, and Anantonese control of Dolgava was not solidly asserted for decades. By the year 1667, the conquest of coastal territories were overshadowed by a struggle for Ananto's survival in Kalistan.

To try and appease Reynolds at the same time, Jesus convinced the blabaroon to confirm Reynolds as a vassal Emperor of Vintalli, a move intended not only to settle the Suldanorean revolt, but make the southern provinces more submissive. Reynolds accepted for the time being, and even went so far as to join in the pillaging and decimation of Baltusia (known in Baltusia as the Fracturing). In 1655 a peace was treaty was made with Baltusia, breaking it up into pieces, starting the period of Baltusian history known as Shattered Baltusia.

Attention was then moved to Lodamun, prompting Reynolds to resume war on Ananto and besiege Davon. He was killed in the process, and his son Isadore made peace once again. Jesus himself died two years before Reynolds, and was replaced by Louis Montagu, his most competent general, who repulsed the Vintalli/Suldanor invasion and then ravaged the Second Confederation. In 1665 a peace was finally concluded with Lodamun, breaking up the coalition and returning Andalay and Norstavan to the empire. Kregon was expanded to its modern borders, and Montagu heir Sancho was made king of Golavia.

The Process of Reunification (1651-1679 CE)

Anantan Emperors of Kalistan (1651-1679 CE)

Name	Reign	Notes
Jesus II [Gomez]	1651-1659	Began Twenty Years War in 1645 ceded Vintalli regions to Reynolds as Vassal State in 1758
Louis [Montagu]	1659-1668	Reconquered most of Lodamon and made his son King of Golavia
Sancho [Golavise]	1668-1677	Joined Golavia to the empire
Sacco I [Golavise]	1677-1679	Without issue, willed empire to Bruno Ananto, the husband of Adelaide of Vintalli (Suldanor)

"Vintalli" (Suldanor) Emperors of Kalistan (1651-1694 CE)

Name	Reign	Notes
George or Jorge	1651-1661	Given co-emperorship of Kalistan in 1754, died besieging Davon
Isadore	1661-1670	Made peace with Ananto, reunited southern Anantan provinces
William I	1670-1672	Brother of Isadore
William II	1672-1678	Died in freak gardening accident
Adelaide	1678-1694	Married Bruno Ananto in 1682, reuniting the Empire

Following the Peace of 1665, the operation of a split empire of Kalistan was worked out. The Reynolds and Montagu dynasties would be considered kings of Vintalli (Suldanor) and Ananto respectively, and be co-holders of the Imperial Crown of Kalistan. Vintalli (Suldanor) would rule the territories south of the Kluptoon River, consisting of all of modern Gaduria, Athosia, and Suldanor, while Ananto would rule the north, consisting of Neveras, Odufaray, Vrassa, Norstavan, Andalay, and later Golavia (which was technically not part of the Empire, but simply a Montagu fief). This time also saw the establishment of the first commercial outposts overseas in Southern Keris and western Dovani, which would later turn into Anantonese Colonies as competition with Luthori increased.

Each king was to hold his own court in Suldanor or Ananto, but a united court was supposed to be held in Kluptoon to govern the Empire. In practice this was rarely done, however, and the emperors governed their halves as they saw fit, without much contact. Most importantly, however, free trade was maintained between the two halves of the empire, which as a whole offered limitless economic possibilities, and led to the return of Anantan economic power during the ensuing decades.

Bruno Ananto, founder of the 3rd Ananto Dynasty, ca. 1680

This was the situation for the remaining thirty years of the century, until the Golavise branch of the House Montagu ended. Rather than pass the crown of Ananto to his cousin, Sacco I instead instructed that it be given to Duke Bruno Ananto of Luxon. Bruno was a member of the House of Ananto but was of Gaduri origin: his mother from a Selucian colonial outpost in Southern Vintalli and was married to Duke Fredrick Ananto. Bruno therefore possessed both Anantan and Vintalli origins, and his sympathies lie with both Ananto and the growing power of the Kingdom of Sadaria to the South, by whom he was utterly fascinated. Bruno and his successors would seek to align themselves to the Sadarian Kingdom, and eventually, Ananto and Kalistan would serve as an agent of Sadaria, and then Selucian Dominance in Northern Seleya, Keris and Dovani.

The Council of Nobles, whose power it was to appoint a new king, obliged, and Bruno quickly silenced any Montagu objections, avoiding outright conflict. Three years later Bruno united the two halves of the empire in personal union, ending the schismatic era. His son Victor would inherit the empire, including Golavia, as a single patrimony. The act of dividing the empire was, in the end, a success, as it quelled the revolts and allowed the areas of modern Gaduridos to be annexed successfully; as well as giving the empire a period of peace.

The Anantan Empire in the Modern Era (1679-2039 CE)

Ananto began the modern period with unified control over Kalistan Proper, Kregon, Althosia, Vintalli, Marligantos and much of mainland Gaduridos, which was held in personal union and governed from Port Davon. Additionally, Ananto experienced growing pressure from expansionist powers in the west and south.

The 3rd Anantan Dynasty (1679-1811 CE)

Floobs (Emperors) of the Third Ananto Dynasty (1679-1804 CE)

Name	Reign	Notes
Bruno	1679-1707	Reunited Vintalli and Ananto in personal union, made Lindar Valley a vassal
Victor	1707-1715	Fully reunited Anantan and Vintalli Kalistan, and Golavia.
Thomasio I	1715-1727
Thomasio II	1727-1734
Santigo [the Great]	1734-1767	Greatly expanded Anantan Navy, worked with Selucian Colonial authorities to put down rebellions in Gaduria
Thomasio III	1767-1775
Sacco II	1775-1785
Sacco III or Saccolito, "The Gaduri"	1785-1804	first Seluco-Anantan Emperors

While Bruno, who became known as possessed both Vintalli and Ananto, they were still two distinct governmental entities, with independent parliaments and chancellors. The reunion was a boon for both halves, but during his reign they focused their efforts differently. Ananto joined with its long time ally of Kregon to intervene in a civil war in the Lindar Valley and put a puppet king on the throne. Vintalli focused on taking advantage of its control over the western trade routes and building a navy. It also came into contract with growing Selucian influence in the area, and began opening its ports to Selucian traders. This matter was not opposed in Ananto, as Bruno maintained a strong affinity for the Sadarian Kingdom (Selucia's primary agent in the region at the time) and welcomed both Selucian commerce as well as culture. As Gaduria fell more under Selucian control, more intermingling of the people and customs of the islands occured, further solidifying the difference between Vintalli culture and Anantan.

During Bruno's reign, Vintalli launched an invasion of Marligantos in 1705, solidifying its control of the area. Wealth from trade began to pour into Vintalli and Gaduria, which began to surpass Ananto. Meanwhile other than adding the Lindar valley to the Empire, and helping put down several Gaduri revolts against Vintalli and Selucian Governors, the era was one of the first prolonged periods of peace and prosperity Ananto or Kalistan had known in centuries.

The Anantonese commercial elite started eyeing the increasing wealth of Vintalli and encouraged Bruno's son Victor to establish complete control of both Vintalli and Ananto and fully integrate the two. The crown and parliament in Vintalli were abolished, and the administrative functions of Vintalli and Althosia were integrated into the Anantonese parliament. Ananto also began building its own naval power to protect commerce on the Anantonese Ocean, and working towards establishing supremacy over the critical trade routes around the island.

Despite the general ascendancy of Ananto during this period, the 18th Century was fairly quiet and stable for Ananto. Most Emperors governed for more than a decade, there were few threats on Ananto's borders, and commerce was booming in the Anantonese Ocean. Kalistan moved to dominate most of the trade routes in the Anantonese, and were successful at solidifying their trade posts in the region.

Cultural Shifts in Ananto and Kalistan during the 18th Century

In addition to the political stability of the 18th Century, there was heavy cultural transmission from Gaduria into Athosia, Ananto and Suldanor, resulting in the influx of an Egelian speaking population in Southern Kalistan and Ananto. Every Emperor, and most of the nobility of the 3rd Dynasty married Seluco-Vintallian women, as became fashionable in Davon, and by the reign of Socco II, Anantan Emperors were so closely tied along familial lines to Colonial Selucian rulers that it was difficult to tell them apart, so that Socco II's son, Socco III, or Soccolito, was known as "The Gaduri". So closely tied, as a matter of fact that Anantan Emperors began seeing their geopolitical interests and the interests of the rising Selucian Powers in the Southern Anantonese Ocean as parallel.

The Port of Davon, site of the future Kaliburg, was the center of 17th and 18th C. maritime commerce in the Anantonese Ocean

As a counter to the rising influence of the Selucians in the region, Kalistani commercial interests began working with the Luthori colonies in Keris and the the Lodamese territory, where they had been steadily gaining concessions from the Lodamese governors under Anantan Control. While Luthori was not viewed as a threat at this point, trade between the ancient Anantonese Empire and the rising Luthori Empire was brisk and profitable.

Beginning in the 1650s, Kalistani Traders had begun learning Luthori to speak with merchants in the ever increasing numbers of Luthori ports, so that the temptation to cheat on deals was limited. Also around this time, Ananto and Kalistan began converting the Protestant Luthorian version of Hosianism (even as the Selucian colonies began to reject the Aurorian Patriarchal church themselves), a process that would be completed in the late 18th Century. And by 1720, the language of commerce had become almost exclusively Luthorian though with a noticeable Ananti accent rather than the earlier Ananti-Luthorian pidgin. Luthorian was rapidly becoming the prestige language in Northern Seleya, and Ananto enthusiastically embraced it as their trading ships went further afield.

The adoption of Luthorian as a prestige language was almost complete in Vrassa by 1760, and became identified so strongly with the region that it became known as "Vrassan" (Luthorian as spoken in Kalistan). Another dialect, spoken further down the coast, became known as "Odufar". Cosmopolitans in Davon adopted Vrassan within two generations. Meanwhile, the Ananti, which had been spoken exclusively 100 years prior throughout Kalistan and Ananto, had been relegated to elite and Government communications, and the more rustic populations of Neveras and Vrassa. It would disappear almost completely from usage in Kalistan by the year 3000.

The Decline of the Anantonese Empire (1804-1907 CE)

Seluco-Anantan Floobs (Emperors) of the 3rd Ananto Dynasty (1804-1907 CE)

Name	Reign	Notes
Miguel	1804-1828	Added Hodari in Dolgava to the Empire
Guillermo II	1828-1835
David IV	1835-1849
Fidel	1849-1860
Fredo	1860-1865	Zenith of Anantan power, Influence extended to border with Valruzia, built Colony at Sekowo
Fredo II	1865-1879	Baltusia, Lindar Valley, and Gaduria lost
Pedro	1879-1893
Pedro II	1893-1907	Last Emperor of Anantonese Empire, deposed in Revolution, exiled with Ananto Nobility, ends up in Dundorf, where he is buried

Dolgava, Colonial Competition, and the rise of the Selucian Empire

In 1817 Ananto began meddling in Dolgarian affairs. It started with the conversion of Anantan Trade ports into colonial administration centers, and the levy of direct taxes on the population, a move which signalled that Ananto thought of the ports as Anantan property, and the people who lived and worked there as Anantan subjects. In 1820 the pretext of a succession crisis in the Duchy of Karzon was used to launch a full scale invasion of the island, sparking a war with Dolgaria as a whole. Ananto defeated Dolgaria in several spectacular naval battles, and annexed Hodari, Kirzon and Karzon.

This gave Ananto complete control of the naval crossroads between Seleya, Keris, and Dovani. From this Ananto gained not only immense wealth, but also the attention and ire of the Artanian powers that had been trading with Dovani through the Anantonese Ocean. Not long after, the Luthorians made the remainder of Dolgaria a client state, while Endralon and Kundrati established colonies on Keris to allow them access to Dovani.

This time also saw the rise of the Selucian Empire in central Seleya, and Ananto's integration into this Empire. Given Ananto's position in Vintalli and Althosia, they had long been in close contact with Selucid colonial government, and the 3rd Ananto Dynasty was heavily intermarried with them. When Selucia unified after 1811, Ananto declared "eternal fraternity" with the Empire, and began serving as a Selucian agent in Northern Seleya, Keris and Dovani. It was through Anantonese waters that Selucians projected their influence and administered their empire. Often it was on Anantonese ships. While Ananto remained nominally independent at this time, the consonance of foreign policy goals encouraged Anantonese expansion and war that had been largely absent during the previous century.

The Plateau Wars

The series of Plateau Wars fought between Ananto and its neighbors technically predates and runs parallel to the series of global conflicts known as The North Seleyan Wars, where colonial powers Selucia, Luthori and Deltaria struggled with one another for power between the dates 1889 and 1929. The first two Plateau Wars involved Ananto's attempt to subjugate Northern Seleya, while the third involved a long lasting, low intensity naval war between Kalistan and Luthori and its allies in Northern Seleya. But given the other events that are adjacent to these conflicts between Kalistan and its neighbors, of The North Seleyan Wars, Kalistan was only a participant in the Third Plateau War, while the conflict between Ananto and Luthori continued longer than that war actually lasted.

The First Plateau War (1844-55) against Seleyan rival Valruzia was in many ways the high-point of Ananto's power. The Empire challenged its rival on the other side of the continent for control of the interior plateau, leading to a hard fought eleven-year war. In the end it an Anantan victory, with the newly reunited Kingdom of Baltusia, controlling the whole plateau sans the Lindar Valley (including today 3/5s of Baltusia and 2/5s of Tukarali) being made a vassal of Ananto. The only block to complete control of the entire northern coast was Luthori, who had fiercely defended their Lodamese holdings, and had made it clear that they would not brook Anantan claims in the area.

The reign of emperor Fidel corresponded with this victory and the ensuing decades of prosperity. However, while the creation of Baltusia was the apogee of Anantan power, her rebellion against Ananto would in turn be its downfall. In the mean time, the reign of Fidel was a golden age for Ananto, and to a lesser extent Kalistan; this is reflected in the capital of Port Davon, most of which was built during this period.

Anantan Empire in 1860, at its largest extent: empire in dark blue, colonies in light blue, vassals in orange.

During the reign of Fidel, Ananto took advantage of its control of the seas to found a colony on Dovani, south of the formerly Luthori Hulstria. The colonies of Bizena and Lodo collectively became known as Sewoko, served as an entrepot and terminus for the trade routes rising inland in Dovani, and expanded to be the largest imperial holding in Dovani at that time. The resources brought out of Sewoko and Dovani, and wealth secured by controlling the seas around Ananto, made the empire one of the richest in the world at this time.

Valruzia again challenged Ananto for control of the Seyelan interior in the Second Plateau War (1872-7). The war was as hard fought as the first, but Valruzia was better suited to concentrate its efforts on the continent and gained a further advantage when a revolt broke out in Lodamun in 1872 and Gaduria in 1874, the latter of which Valruzia quickly threw support behind. Luthori also entered the fray, this time on the side of Valruzia and the combined effort tipped the balance in favor of the Valruzians.

The puppet Baltusian king was usurped and replaced with a brother who was a pawn of Valruzia; together they conquered the Lindar Valley. The three enemies made a move on Anantan Athosia in 1876, but were beaten back; similar attacks on Vintalli failed, but Ananto lost the Island of Marligantos to a short lived independent republic which was later incorporated by force into the Selucian Empire. The war turned into a bitter slog, which drained Ananto both of its treasure of the previous generation, and its will to fight.

Ananto, exhausted from the war, sued for peace in 1877. In the treaty, Ananto was forced to recognize Baltusia as independent and in control of the Lindar Valley, and Vintalli and Gaduria as Independent (both were shortly incorporated into the Selucian Empire, over Anantan objections.) Lodamun was divided with Golavia and Andalay going to Luthori, while Ananto kept Norstavan and Kregon as a buffer for its Jahmaikan territories. Though the Anantonese maritime empire was still intact and largely unaffected, with this crushing defeat, Ananto began its descent, which would only gain speed as the enemies of Ananto grew stronger with every victory.

In addition to the humiliating defeat, Ananto began to believe that Selucia was playing Ananto off against their chief rivals in Luthori: Selucia had several times not come to Ananto's aid, especially in Vintalli, had blocked Anantonese colonial expansion into Egelia and Lourenne, and had been the primary beneficiary of the loss of Vintalli and Gaduria. Matters came to a head when the Anantonese ambassador was angrily dismissed from Selucia in 1884 for demanding the return of Kalistan's Vintallian and Gadurian holdings. Kalistan would not have another chance to press the matter however, because another war was looming in the North.

Ananto's Sunset

The next setback to Ananto came in 1885, when Luthori renewed its efforts to take full control of Lodamun and Hodari. Luthori held the entire north coast of Lodamun, and was pushing heavily against Anantonese holdings in Jahmaika and Norstavan. Over the two decades, Ananto and Luthori fought a series of naval and land wars for control of the Anantonese Ocean and coastal territories which led more or less to the formation of the current national borders. This period of time, from 1885-1907 is now known as "The Sunset of the Anantan Empire".

The first of these renewed wars, known as the Third Plateau War (dates vary because this conflict was included in the grouping "the North Seleyan Wars", but for Ananto, it was 1887-1907) saw Ananto launching a determined effort from Nostravan to recapture Andalay and Rapulia. The Anantan theater was primarily at sea and in Lodamun. During the early phase of the war, Anantonese naval units successfully bombarded and destroyed several Luthori cities along the coast, as Kalistani troops marching from Newport into Andalay. Early successes were reversed, however, as the war was joined by Valruzia and the restored Baltusia, who came in on Luthori's side. Fighting was sporadic on land, with Ananto losing nearly every battle, while at sea, the naval war was very destructive to shipping and commerce, with both sides employing the use of privateers, many of whom turned to piracy.

By 1896, Ananto's fortunes had collapsed: Andalay and Rapulia were firmly in Luthori hands, and Ananto was suffering loss after loss in battles in Dolgaria. A crippling Naval blockade was established by Luthori in Sekowo, and by the end of 1906, Ananto was whittled down to mainland Kalistan, Althosia, Norstavan, and one small outpost in Dolgaria. A costly campaign in Lodamun led to the recapture of Lodamese territory except Kregon, which had fallen to the Baltusia several years prior. Meanwhile, Selucia, who was doing their own fighting against Luthori in Keris, Dovani and elsewhere in Seleya, made no effort to come to Ananto's aid, finally breaking thee bond between the two empires who had seem themselves as fraternal states for nearly two centuries.

The costs of the North Seleyan Wars had bankrupted to once great Anantonese Empire, and wiped out a generation of its men. The time was right for Revolution.

Kalistan in Revoluton

Prompted by the utter failure of the North Seleyan Wars, and specifically the Anantan defeats in Lodamun, a full scale revolt began on May 2, 1907 in Ananto. Within a month, Pedro II was forced to abdicate, and a temporary government under John Hinkley was established. Hinkley made peace with Luthori, Valruzia, and Baltusia with the humiliating 1907 Cease Fire, and stepped down after a constitution was drafted and ratified, to be replaced by the first democratically elected president in Anantan history, Norbert Vapid.

While the new Anantonese Provisional Republic had a democratically elected president (who served a 6 year term) and parliament, the right to vote only extended to Anantan citizens, and not to citizens of what was considered to be "the empire", which consisted of Kalistan Proper, as well as a handful of frontier posts in Norstavan and Althosia.

Norbert Vapid (right) seated with Alphonse Greene, following the fall of the Empire in 1907

Presidents of the Provisional Republic of Ananto

Name	Party	Term
Norbert Vapid	Republican Party	1907-1913
Hans Ananto	Imperialist Party	1913-1924

Vapid's first move as president was to sign the Treaty of Clearwater, ending the North Seleyan Wars and ceding Dolgaria and Sekowo to Luthori. Ananto quit its claims in Vintalli, never to return, granting Baltusia the land of Althosia to the Yoshimi River, and surrendering recently reconquered territories in Lodamon to Luthori (These territories would eventually coalesce into the Lodamese Confederation, an effort covertly helped by Ananto/Kalistan to serve as a buffer against further Luthori encorachment). While ceding claim to so much territory was controversial, Vapid saw no point in entering a war again so soon. This stance caused him to lose the 1913 election to Hans Ananto, a jingoistic candidate who promised a return to the former glory of the empire.

Hans declared war on the Lodamese Confederation in 1915 (the First Lodamese War), saying that it constituted a violation of the 1907 treaty. While the invasion of Norstavan went well at first, Lodamon surprised Ananto by landing troops directly onto Ananto in early 1917. In response, Hans Ananto declared himself floob, essentially dissolved the provisional republic, and declared martial law. This sparked outrage in the mainland, where a number of provincial governors declared themselves floob, throwing most of the country into civil war, while fighting with the Lodamese on two fronts.

Self-Proclaimed Floobs (Emperors) of Kalistan (1917-24)

Name	Sphere	Capital	Reign
Hans Ananto	Ananto, Vrassa, Neveras	Port Davon	1917-1924
Pickles Ananto	Southern Odufaray	Genderis	1917-1924
Brian Bork	Borkistan	Borkendorf	1917-1925 (held claim until 1943)
Dian Reynolds	Central Suldanor	Reynoldia	1917-1921
Jerome Hubert	Northern Suldanor	Kluptoon	1917-1924
Ovejito Magrito	Southern Suldanor	Lucid City	1917-1921

Facing little challenge from a preoccupied Hans, the mainland emperors set about eliminating each other and expanding their control. Pickles Ananto set up a parliament in Genderis and conquered Neveras in 1918, then marched north to form an alliance with Lodamon to defeat Hans' army in Vrassa in 1921, before turning on Lodamon and routing their invasion force less than a month later. Reynolds built a new capital at Reynoldia, and was about to launch an invasion of Althosia when he was attacked and defeated by Hubert, who then went on to defeat Magrito.

Ignoring Hubert, Pickles launched her own invasion of Ananto in 1923, first expelling the Lodamese (1923) and then forcing Hans to abdicate and be exiled (1924). Having done so, she announced the formation of the Federal Republic of Kalistan, which would empower all citizens of the empire, and resigned as emperor, only to be elected president immediately after. While the constitution was still being drafted, she also returned to the mainland to defeat Hubert and lead an invasion deep into Norstavan, forcing Lodamon to sign the Treaty of Migadon. The treaty recognized the right of Lodamin to exist as a confederation, free of Kalistani Influence, and giving splitting the Jah Delta evenly between Kalistan and Lodamun.

Second Republican Period (1924-2039 CE)

Once Pickles Ananto reunited Kalistan and made peace with Lodamon, she promptly abdicated as Emperor and established the Federal Republic of Kalistan. Pickles declared the House Ananto (the remnant of the Seluco-Anantan Dynasty) to be personna non grata in the new Kalistan and exiled them from Kalistan. The Seluco-Anantans would eventually settle in Dundorf, and with a few exceptions, disappear completely, while future Anantos were almost exclusively pretenders and had no blood relation to the previous nobility.

Pickles Ananto, Mother of Modern Kalistan, ca. 1919 CE

Pickles' main achievement was to elevate Kalistan Proper to a full partner in the new Anantan state. Calling the Republic "Kalistan" focused the attention on the Mainland, while Ananto merely became one of the co-equal provinces of Kalistan. The FRK was remarkable as it was the first government in Kalistani history to represent all the provinces, Mainland or Anantan, equally. The FRK actually acted like an extension of Pickles' war-time parliament, since it was unicameral and based in Genderis, Odufaray. The constitution of 1924 also reduced the term of the president (a position that became chancellor) to 3 years instead of six, syncing up with the parliamentary term. In the first election, Pickles was elected almost unanimously.

The early years of the Federal Republic were very peaceful, focused on rebuilding Kalistan's ruined economy and stance in world affairs. That changed when National Strength Party chancellor Klaus Jurgensen declared war on Lodamun in 1950 to try and recapture Nostravan. The war was a stalemate, though Kalistan quickly cycled through four chancellors before Martin MacGuire could beat the Lodamese back into their own territory and negotiate the Treaty of Newport (1955), giving Kalistan the Jah Delta, but otherwise settling the Vrassan Frontier at the Jah River. Kalistan, for its part, paid Lodamun a war indemnity of 8 million Rubles, which the Republic spend 23 years paying off.

This conflict was followed by another 45 years of peace, abruptly ended up the actions of Imperial Kalistan Party chancellor Wilhelm Siebenburg (2000-2020), a descendent of Hans Ananto who had been allowed to return from his family's exile in Dundorf because of a communist uprising there. In 2011, Siebenburg attempted to launch an international counterrevolution, but the lack of international support led to his eventual withdrawal in 2014. Chancellor Siebenburg was appointed Prime Minister in 2020, not an unusual occurrence until that point, but one which he claimed made him Emperor. Siebenburg's reestablished empire was short lived, however, as an overwhelming opposition overthrew him within a week and exiled him to Deltaria.

The reaction to Siebenburg was an overwhelming backlash against federal power. During Indiana O'Fallon's one year presidency in 2020, the federal government was striped of most of its former powers, out of fear that a strong central government would lead to more tyrants. The federal government was left few powers besides war, diplomacy, and printing money, with the rest being directed into the five states.

This sudden shift was extremely popular, and when Muffins Termi tried to not only return power to the federal government, but also install centralized communism in 2036, the reaction was immediate revolt. Kalistan fell into a short civil war until the Red Army of Pavel Andreivich reunited the country in 2039. Andreivich also returned power to the federal government in the process, and as a symbol of the new and permanent powers of the government, renamed the states provinces. The modern government of Kalistan is a result of Pavel Andreivich's reforms, which moved the capital to Port Davon, demoted the position of chancellor and added a president, and made many other changes. For this reason Pavel Andreivich is considered as much a father of the current Kalistan as Pickles Ananto.

For a list of fictitious (Pre-2039) Presidents of the Federal Republic of Kalistan, see this article.-

Kalistan After 2039

Following the full unification of Kalistan in 2039, the Kalistani State remained united with the Island of Ananto, as an integral state. Though the capital returned to Ananto, at Kaliburg/Port Davon, it never again attempted to subject Kalistan Proper. From 2039, the term Kalistan both legally and customarily means both the Kalistani Mainland and Ananto. Though the regime may undergo a number of alterations, it has always kept a measure of democracy, maintaining a popularly elected Lower House, most often called The National Assembly of Deputies, as well as a cabinet that has more or less power, and a seperate executive, along with institutionalized checks on power that characterize Kalistan as a constitutional State. In an effort to weld Ananto to the Kalistani Mainland together, the Government has most often adopted a unitary form of Government, while power emanating from the Capital, while subnational governing bodies maintain autonomy over all matters not handled by National Law. And for most of the years 2039 to Present, Kalistan has maintain a Republican form of government, only recently deviating with the return of the Imperial Monarchy.

Imperial Restoration Period (2181-2317 CE)

In 2181, the monarchist movement succeeded in reforming the Federal Republic into an Imperial Republic, led by an Emperor. The reforms were incomplete, however, leaving the Emperor an official elected the same as the president had been, except limited to members of the royal family. The result is that there were ten different emperors in the period, each serving odd terms. The Imperial Restoration Period is significant mainly in that it was the zenith of Kalistan's modern isolationism, caused by the Terran War. Little of significance happened internationally or at home during these time. Politically, the period was defined by the relationship between the three largest parties, the Rights and Freedom Party and the Farmers' Militia and Conservative Party, leading to its being a remarkably conservative period in Kalistani history. During this time Kalistan also saw an economic shift, with its agricultural products (wine, opium, cocaine, hashish) gaining a larger market.

The second period of Imperial Restoration (2290 to 2317) gave way into a period of left-wing dominance of Kalistani politics, characterized by President Chloe Davina's 26 consecutive years in office (2310-2336). At the beginning of her term, Davina was empress, but later on she became president. From 2311 to 2322 she ruled a country without a functioning cabinet, and until 2333 Kalistan did not have any significant opposition to the left-wing regime that had been unchecked since 2310. As time wore on more oppposition built, culminating in the Crisis of 2342, when opposition to the Davina government resulted in two break away governments and a near civil war. War was narrowly averted, but it heralded the end of the left's domination for a time. The conflict between the longstanding left-wing establishment and the up and coming conservative movement advanced with the recreation of the Conservative Party of Kalistan in 2360, heralding in the tumultuous decade of the 2360's.

During the period between Davina's resignation in 2343 and Augusto de Fiume's inauguration as president in 2361, the left's control of politics changed, as the older parties gradually lost power but held on to the presidency and the new field of conservatives grew in legislative strength. This conflict came to a head in the 2360's, when the country was led by an extreme left-wing president who could not form a government and faced a majority opposition in the parliament. The opposition against president de Fiume led to the Reynoldia Crisis, another near civil war caused by dissenting conservatives. This conflict resulted in the voluntarily exile of millions of conservatives to Gishoto and the final dissolution of the CPK. In the decades following the crisis, neither de Fiume's Communism Wow! Party and the far right would fully recover from the conflict.

The power vaccuum left by the departure of the most vocal and powerful on the right did, however, leave to a brief period of communist domination in Kalistan. The full economy of Kalistan was nationalized in 2374 until it was half-privetized in 2381, and then fully re-privetized ten years later. In the mean time the communists quickly fell from power and were, by 2391, marginalized by moderate parties. From this point until the close of the 24th century Kalistani politics was relatively quiet and moderate.

In 2478, Kalistan founded the Kalistani Aeronautics and Space Administration, for exploration of space.

Kalistan was nominally an imperial Republic until all titles were vacated in 4056. That being said, no person had sat in the seat or even claimed the title of Floob or Emperor since the 38th, and even then, the title was a mere formality, the Emperor having no official functions, lands, or pensions. It was said that the Empire merely continued to exist for the Elite to "cosplay nobility" at Parties, and trade titles and so forth. The Empire was only officially abolished to prevent Indrala from claiming a vestigal title "Great Khan of Kalistan" which they traced back to the Mu-Tze Khanate.

The abolition of the Monarchy was so thorough that when the office of Emperor was restored in the 5100's the Emperor was selected by the National Assembly, and was granted permission to recreate a House Ananto, while few, if any of the Nobility are members of said house, but are appointed to act as Governors and County Sherrifs by the Emperor. The only office in the modern Monarchy which may be inherited is the Office of Emperor/Empress: All other nobles serve at the pleasure of the Emperor and are merely highly competent members of the Civil Service, more than a medieval sense of "lord".

Age of Affluence

The Kalistani Age of Affluence refers to a period, at the beginning of the fifth millennium, when Kalistan rose to become one of the most economically, militarily and culturally influential countries on Terra. The causes of this period of prosperity and dominance are disputed, as are the extent to which Kalistan could influence the rest of the world.

Recent history

The end of the Age of Affluence is generally considered to be alligned with the downfall of the Labour Party and the Socialist Party of Kalistan. After this, Kalistan experienced turbulent and unstable government for decades. The Republican Period lasted, primarily under Socialist Party rule, but occasionally under the administration a host of ephemeral parties until 5146. None of the so called "ephemeral Parties" left any lasting mark on Kalistan's politics, history, or culture.

The Empire of Ananto and Kalistan and the 4th Anantan Dynasty

By the mid-5100's Kalistan's long standing cultural and political influence in the region had faded to the point where Kalistan had settled into a pattern where nothing major happened in the nation in decades. Viewed largely as a backwater and an area whose glory had passed, The Kalistani government was frequently put on autopilot for years at a time and was often left entirely without an organized ruling Party. The Socialist Party of Kalistan no longer functioned in any real capacity.

Begiinning in 5146, a new governing party formed around the ideology of being the Party of Kalistan's institutions. The Institutionalist Party of Kalistan, a centrist Party composed primarily of Brethrenists and the institutional and nationalist factions of the old Socialist Party, began organizing and fielding candidates for office. Their agenda was fairly simple: Responsible government with a measure of monarchy. To this end, the Institutionalists moved many of Kalistan's laws back toward the center of the spectrum, and began working with civic leaders to identify candidates for a new noble house. The dynasty took the name Ananto, to tie it to the historical imperial house, and upon election by the National Assembly, began ruling the Empire of Ananto and Kalistan.

The new regime took its name from the acknowledgement of some political and cultural differences between the island of Ananto and mainland Kalistan. The structure was based on a Grand Duchy of Ananto, which contained several counties, as well as the Free city of Kaliburg, and the Grand Duchy of Kalistan, which was comprised of the several Duchies of Vrassa, Neveras, Odufaray and Suldanor, each of which was further administratively divided into counties. Most major cities in Kalistan also became free cities, governed by Grand Mayors and citizens' councils, and who governed directly under the authority of the Emperor.

Additionally, laws were structured so that the Emperor alone shall name his or her own successor; the successor may be male or female, but must come from the Emperor's family, which in this case can also contain the Emperor's spouse. The Emperor also holds a count title, as well as the title of Grand Duke of Ananto, and is the nominal head of the House Ananto. All other members of the nobility serve at the pleasure of the Emperor, and may be promoted or demoted. Petty nobles serve as local administrators and executives, and owe personal allegiance to the Emperor, via the nobles above them.

When the First Emperor, born Fredrich Guerra, and who took the name Fredrich I Ananto, was crowned in 5149, the Republic of Kalistan ceased to exist. Kalistan is nominally a hereditary constitutional monarchy, with important rights reserved to elected bodies and to the people. While the Emperor is expected to remain entirely apolitical, as the virtual avatar of the Kalistani People, the charter creating the monarchy ensures that the Legislature can exercise power independently of the Emperor, legislating in the Emperor's name, but not requiring Imperial consent for legislation. In all, the establishment of the Monarchy in Kalistan is designed to ensure that political Parties do not easily take the nation into a wildly radical direction. It is a stabilizing mechanism, finding root in Kalistan's historical traditions, more than anything else. So far, the three Emperors of Kalistan have enjoyed widespread popular support, though a few Parties have occasionally risen seeking to abolish the office.

While the Imperial Seat is officially on the Mall in Kaliburg-Port Davon, the official residence of the Ananto family is the Guerra Estate, in Eveari, where the royal family lives. The estate originally belonged to Fredrich Guerra before becoming Emperor, but is now property of the Empire of Ananto and Kalistan, and serves as the official Imperial Mansion. Other residences belonging specifically to the Ananto Family are in Luxon, Kaliburg, Sulari and Dana as well as several properties overseas, the most notable one in Istalia.

In 5299, following a period of inactivity in Kalistani Government, the Institutionalist Party of Kalistan went defunct and the Socialists returned to power, abolishing the monarchy peacefully, and re-establishing the Republic. Emperor William I acquiesced to the regime change, and was allowed to live in retirement with a small state pension. He and the Empress were allowed to retain their titles, but following their deaths, the titles would be vacated and destroyed. All other nobles were stripped of formal political power but likewise were allowed to retain their titles, and any estates they personally held, and were welcomed to join the Government as Deputies. This act officially ended the Empire of Ananto and Kalistan, and re-established the Republic of Kalistan, complete with the restoration of the Republican Flag.

The Empire of Ananto and Kalistan (4th Anantan Dynasty)

Name	Reign	Notes
Fredrich I Ananto	February 1, 5149 - January 17, 5198	First Emperor of the Restored Empire, improved relations with Istalia
Elizabeth I Ananto	January 17, 5198 - September 9, 5209	Named Successor by Fredrich I, assumed Monarchy upon Fredrich's death
David I Ananto	September 9, 5209 - October 1, 4147	Son of Fredrich and Elizabeth, Peaceful Reign, Abdicated in favor of Grandson William I
William I Ananto	October 1, 4147 - April 1, 5299	Grandson of David I Ananto, Named Crown Prince on August 9, 5239 following refusal of father David II to accept royal duties, Forced to Abdicate following restoration of Republic, Retired peacefully with titles, after 5299 Honorific Emperor
Rivière Ananto	February 25, 5316 - Present	Empress Honorific - Following her death, titles of Emperor and Empress to be retired and vacated